Information concerning the North American fever tick, with notes on other species by Hunter Walter David

Author:Hunter, Walter David. [from old catalog] & Hooker, William A., [from old catalog] joint author
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Cattle tick
Publisher: Washington, Gov't. print. off.
Published: 1907-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

vials are still alive, March 1, 1907, althoii<i;h a number have succumbed. Not less surprising than the longevity of the adult is its resistance to insecticides. Lounsbury has kept adults confined for three months in a box nearly filled with flowers of sulphur with no apparent effect on them. He has also exposed them for two hours to hydrocyanic-acid gas at the strength of 1 ounce of potassium cyanid to 150 cubic feet of space and found that this scarcely served to decrease their activity. Further, many individuals survived for some days after treatment with parafFm and various oils.

Genus ORNITHODOROS.

Ornithodoros, the second genus belonging to the Argasida, is represented in the United States by two species, 0. )ue(/nini Dug., and 0. turicata Dug., both known to attack man.

A species widely distributed through Central and South Africa, 0. mouhata, was reported by Dr. C\ithbert Cliristy (1903), of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, as the probable transmitter of tick-fever in man. In 1905 Dutton and Todd," not knowing of the work of the other investigators, demonstrated that "tick-fever" in the oriental province of Kongo Free State is a relapsing fever produced by a spirillum, probably Spirillum {SpiracJisete) ohermeieri, and that this organism can be transmitted by the bite of the tick.

The life cycle of members of this genus has yet to be followed. Lounsbury states that 0. savignyi begins to engorge at once when applied to a host, and that generally it is off again in an hour. After an engorgement, he states, it rests for many weeks or months and, generally, at least, sloughs its skin if immature or lays eggs if a mature female before again seeking an animal.

It is suspected by Mr. Nathan Banks that a species of the genus transmits a disease of cattle in California.

SPINOSE EAR TICK.

{Ornithodoros megnini Dugey.)

This tick was first described in 1883 by Duges, from Guanajuato, Mexico, as a species of Argas. It has been reported in the United States from New Mexico, California, Kansas, and Nebraska, and is an important tick in Texas. The writers are mformed by a rancher in the western part of the State that considerable injury is due to the irritation produced by it in the ears of cattle and that its presence can often be told by the rough appearance of the hair. A prominent stockman in Dewitt County states that, in his opinion, it is second to the fever tick in importance. In addition to cattle it is found upon horses, asses, dogs, and sheep, and has been reported several times from man. Mr. J. D. Mitchell, of the Bureau of Entomology, reports two cases at Victoria, Tex., in which specimens were taken from human ears by a physician, following prolonged severe pain. Mr.

"Memoir XVII of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.

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